Te wehewehenga o ngā puruta, te wheketere mekameka puruta o Īnia
I whakawhanakehia angitutia te mīhini tārai ngokingoki (e mōhiotia ana ko te mīhini tārai ngokingoki) e Benjamin Holt, he Amerikana, i te tau 1904. I hangaia mā te tāuta i tētahi pūtai hiki ā-ringa ki mua i te tarakihana ngokingoki. I taua wā, ko te mīhini mamaoa te mana. Nō muri mai, ka whakawhanakehia ngā mīhini tārai ngokingoki e peia ana e te hau māori me te mīhini penehīni. I whakawhanakehia anō hoki te mata o te pūtai mai i te hiki ā-ringa ki te hiki taura waea. Ko Benjamin Holt tētahi o ngā kaiwhakaū o Caterpillar Inc. i te Hononga o Amerika. I te tau 1925, i hanumi a Holt Manufacturing Company me C 50. Best Bulldozer Company hei hanga i te Caterpillar Bulldozer Company, ā, ko rātou te kaihanga tuatahi o ngā taputapu pūtai o te ao, ā, i whakarewa angitu i te puranga tuatahi o ngā pūtai 60 me ngā mīhini tīhi i te tau 1931. Nā te whanaketanga tonu o te hangarau, kua whakakahangia te pūtai e ngā mīhini tīhi, ā, ka hikihia katoatia te mata o te pūtai me te mea whakamātao e ngā rango waipēhi. Haunga ngā puruta momo ngokingoki, kei reira anō ngā puruta momo potae, e tata ana ki te tekau tau i muri i ngā puruta momo ngokingoki. He pai ake te mahi piri o ngā puruta ngokingoki, ā, he kaha ake te kukume, nō reira he nui ake te momo me te nui o ā rātou hua i te kāinga me tāwāhi i ērā o ngā puruta potae. I te ao whānui, ko Caterpillar te kamupene hanga mīhini hangarau nui rawa atu o te ao. Kei roto i āna puruta caterpillar ngā raupapa nui, waenga me te iti D3-D11, te D11 RCD nui rawa atu, ā, ko te mana wira rere o te miihini tīhiera e eke ana ki te 634kw; ko Komatsu, he kamupene Hapanihi, te tuarua. I te tau 1947, ka tīmata te whakauru me te hanga i ngā puruta ngokingoki D50. E 13 ngā raupapa o ngā puruta ngokingoki, mai i te D21-D575, ko te mea iti rawa ko te D21, ko te mana wira rere o te miihini tīhiera he 29.5kw, ko te mea nui rawa ko te D575A-3SD, ā, ko te mana wira rere o te miihini tīhiera he 858kw. Koia hoki te pūru nui rawa atu o te ao i tēnei wā; Ko tētahi atu kaihanga pūru ahurei ko Liebheer Group o Tiamana. Ka peia katoatia āna pūru e te pēhanga waipū. I muri i te neke atu i te tekau tau o te rangahau me te whanaketanga, i whakaurua mai e tēnei hangarau he tauira i te tau 1972. I te tau 1974, ka tīmata te hanga papatipu i ngā pūru ngokingoki PR721-PR731 me te PR741 e peia ana e te waipū. Nā te iti o ngā wāhanga waipēhi, ko tōna mana mōrahi he 295Kw anake, ā, ko tana tauira he keri PR751.
Ko ngā kaihanga pūrotu e toru o runga ake nei te taumata teitei rawa atu o ngā pūrotu ngokingoki o te ao i ēnei rā. Ko ētahi atu kaihanga pūrotu ngokingoki o tāwāhi, pērā i a John Deere, Case, New Holland me Dreista, he taumata teitei anō hoki tō rātou hangarau whakaputa. Te wheketere mekameka pūrotu o Īnia
I tīmata te hanga o ngā puruta i Haina i muri i te whakatūnga o New China. I te tuatahi, i tāutahia te puruta ki runga i te tarakihana ahuwhenua. I te whanaketanga o te ōhanga ā-motu, kei te piki haere te hiahia mō ngā puruta ngokingoki reo me te rahi i roto i ngā maina nui, te tiaki wai, ngā teihana hiko me ngā tari kawe waka. Ahakoa kua tino ahu whakamua te umanga hanga o ngā puruta ngokingoki reo me te rahi i Haina, kāore e taea te whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o te whanaketanga ōhanga ā-motu. Nō reira, mai i te tau 1979, kua whakaurua e Haina te hangarau whakaputa, ngā whakaritenga tukanga, ngā paerewa hangarau me ngā pūnaha rauemi o ngā puruta ngokingoki mai i te Kamupene Komatsu o Hapani me te Kamupene Caterpillar o te Hononga o Amerika. I muri i te nakunaku me te mimiti, me ngā hangarau matua i arohia, ka hangaia he tauira i whakahaerehia e ngā hua hangarau Komatsu i ngā tau 1980 me 1990. Te wheketere mekameka puruta Inia
Mai i te tekau tau atu i 1960, e whā pea ngā kaihanga i roto i te umanga puruti o te motu. Ko te take he nui ngā whakaritenga tukatuka o ngā hua puruti, he nui te uaua, ā, me nui te haumitanga ki te whakaputa papatipu. Nō reira, kāore ngā umanga noa e maia ki te whai wāhi ngāwari. Heoi, i te whanaketanga o te mākete, mai i te "Mahere Tau Rima Tuawaru", kua tīmata ētahi umanga nui me ngā umanga waenga-rahi i Haina ki te whakahaere i ngā puruti i te wā kotahi i runga i ō rātou ake kaha, pērā i te Inner Mongolia Nama 1 Machinery Factory, te Xuzhou Loader Factory, me ētahi atu, ā, kua whakawhānui ake i te tīma umanga puruti. I taua wā anō, ka tīmata te heke o te maha o ngā umanga iti nā te ngoikore o te whakahaere me te hiahia ki te urutau ki te whanaketanga o te mākete, ā, kua wehe atu ētahi i te umanga. I tēnei wā, ko ngā kaihanga pūrotu o te motu ko Shantui Construction Machinery Co., Ltd., Hebei Xuanhua Construction Machinery Co., Ltd., Shanghai Pengpu Machinery Factory Co., Ltd., Tianjin Construction Machinery Factory, Shaanxi Xinhuang Industrial Machinery Co., Ltd., Yituo Construction Machinery Co., Ltd., me ētahi atu. Haunga te hanga pūrotu, kua tīmata hoki ngā kamupene o runga ake nei ki te hanga i ētahi atu hua mīhini hanga, pērā i a Shantui, e hanga ana hoki i ngā roera rori, ngā mīhini whakakoi, ngā mīhini keri, ngā mīhini uta, ngā mīhini whakakoi, me ētahi atu. Te wheketere mekameka pūrotu o Īnia
Wā tuku: Hepetema-21-2022
